３－９ OrthocladiinaeOtheres
return to Orthocladiinae group
Limnophyes Hereniella Nanocladius Propsilocerus Metriocnemus
Epoicocladius Symposiocladius
Seven species listed here don't have common characteristics , each has a unique form.
| Limnophyes | Because the central tooth of mentum depressed in V deeply, it ilooks two.
Lateral teeth 5 pairs . Antenna with 5 segments , 3rd segment very short. |
| Hereniella | Tow median teeth of mentum large. Lateral teeth ４～５pairs ., the 2nd tooth
from the outside the smallest. Segment 2 of antenna with weakly sclerotized . Blade long, extending beyond flagellum. |
| Nanocladius | Median tooth of mentum broad , with small hollow in central part. Ventromental plate extremely long, twice the length of mentum ,beard absent. Apical tooth much lomger than combined width of 3 inner teeth , light yellow . |
| Propsilocerus | Body length ２５～３０ｍｍ , large sized larva, crimson. Median tooth of mentum
broad with several irregular teeth. Antenna with 4 segments , basal segment long and thick.( antenna ratio 3 or more). |
| Metriocnemus | 2 median teeth of mentum lower than 1st and 2nd lateral teeth, Lteral teeth
5 pairs . Antenna extremely short, １/5 of mandible. Basal segment of antenna strong and diameter is 1.3 times of height. Blade much longer than flagellum. 2 pairs anal tubules situated the upper and lower sides of posterior parapods. Dorsal side of body a skilful blue-purple . Procercus truncated cone. |
| Epoicocladius | Mentum trapezoid, 6 median teeth on upperside the same size , Lateral
teeth 5 pairs. SⅡlong belt-shaped with several teeth .Body segments with strong setae . Procercus large. |
| Symposiocladius | Median tooth of mentum very large , Mt.Fuji-shaped , dark brown . 2 lateral
teeth small. Such a form very unique. The sides of 5～9th body segments with setae tufts. |
Limnophyes
Body size ２～５mm small size., light brown ～light purple. I caught several
kinds of Limnophyes larvae in north Japan and Hokkaido. Lake Shikotu ,River BIteki ,
Niseko. Lake Kussharo. , Sugayu (pH:2.4 , Aomori Pref..) River Chikuma
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１：Antenna 5segments, 3rd. segment short extremely ２：Mentum with 2 median teeth. Lateral teeth 5 pairs. ３：Mandible with 3 inner teeth. ４：ＳⅠdivided into 3～５ . ＳⅡlong needle shape. Pecten epipharyngis 3 lobes. Premandible with ３ ～４ teeth . ５：Maxilla ６：Procercus with ６～８ anal setae .A kind of larva with 2 setae. In some species ,inside of procercus light brown. ７：Anal tubules long ovoid., corn etc.. |
Body size ３～５mm length, small size. Light yellowish brown ～graysh green.
.I caught several kinds of Heleniella larvae in Japan. They inhabit in fast or middle flow of clean and cool
water,
There are not a lot of numbers of individuals though they inhabit in the
wide area.
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| 2 large median teeth . Lateral teeth 4 or 5 pairs. 2nd tooth from outside the smallest. |
antenna 5 segments, 2nd segment divided into two weakly screlotized the lower parts 1/４． 3 rd～5th segment short. Blade long extending beyond flagellum. |
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・Segment 2 with weakly sclerotized portion . Blade extending beyond flagellum. ・Inner teeth of mandible 3. Seta subdentalis small. ・ＳⅠ:plumose or several branches. ・ＳⅡsimple ,long, and strong. ・Pecten epipharyngis 3 long scales. ・Apex of premandible bifid , inside with 2～３ humps ・Anal setae 5～6 : ２～３ of them long. |
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Body length ３～3.5mm. Yellowish green . Eye spot 1 pair. Setae of body absent.
I caught this larvae in Kawabe river (Kumamoto pref.) , nomal flow , sandy pebble .
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| Median tooth wide, partially double., 5 pairs lateral teeth. , dark brown. Ventromental plate large extremely long, two times of mentum. beard absent. |
antenna 5segments. Ring organ on basal 1/5 of seggment 1. 2nd. segment 1.5 times of segment 3～5. Length of Lauterborn's organ the same to segment 3. . |
Apical tooth longer than the part of inner teeth area, pale yellow. Inner teeth 3, small , dark brown. Seta subdentalis thin, long needlelike. |
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・ ＳⅠand SⅡare long needlelike. ・ Pecten epipharyngis 3 long blade. Apex of premandible bifid. ・ Anal tubules 2 paires oval both. ・ High of procercus equal to diameter. Inside of procercus brown. Anal setae 3 |
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Large size larva ,20～25mm . dark red, without blistles on body segments.
They inhabit in eutrophic water, distributed widely in the country. In
summer they aestvate in mud of bottom. of the lake.
Although adult belongs toPropsilocerus , has characteristics of Ｔｏｋｕｎａｇａｙｕｓｕｒｉｋａ also.
| lateral teeth of mentum | premandible | shape of head | |
| Propsilocerus | ７～８ pairs | bifid | nomal |
| Tokunagayusurika | １２pairs | not divided | pearlike |
| akamusi (本種 ) | １０pairs | divided ３（４） | paerlike |
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| Mediantooth occupy about 1/3 of mentum, with several irregular teeth. Lateral
teeth with10 pairs. Ventromental plate semisurcular, blistle absent. |
Antenna with 4 segments. Basal segment thick, segment 3 and 4 short. Style the same length as segment3, Blade the same length as segment 2。 |
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| Procercus longer than wide, dark brown, with 7 anal setae. Anal setae 7 times of heigth. | Apical tooth long, 4 inner teeth, blackish brown. seta subdentalis short. Seta interna with 8 , upper 3 serrated, others lacking |
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・ＳⅠ: wing shaped .ＳⅡ: long thick needle like. Labral lamella consisting of pair of pectinate lobes. Pecten epipharyngis consisting of 3 long elongate scales . ・Premandible bifid at apex , and with 3 small inner teeth . ・Claws of anterior parapods with small serrated . dark brown. ・Claws of posterior parapods 16 , blakish brown. ・Anal tubules both 2 pairs low conical. |
Body length 6 mm . Each segment pale yellowish green, dorsal side of front
half of body vivid blueish purple. Head brown, eye spot 1 pair.
This larva found in River Yono( Hyogo pref.) only 1 individual . It lived
in mossees, in nomal stream .
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| Median teeth 1 pair, lateral teeth 5 pairs: median teeth smaller than 1st. lateral tooth , 1st. lateral tooth smaller than 2nd.lateral tooth. 2nd lateral tooth the most large of all lateral teeth. Ventromental plate lacking. | Antenna : with 5 segments , 1/5 of mandible. Basal segment very thick,
width 1.3 times of heigth . Segment2 ～5 very short. Blade beyond the tip of antenne. |
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| Anal tubules : long conical ; two pairs at uooer and under of the posterior parapods |
Procercus very high , heigth 1.5 times of width. Anal setae 6. Claws of posterior parapod 7～8. seta subdentalis very short spiny .Setae interna consisting of ten or more, with small serrated. |
ＳⅠ: stubby and peg-like. ＳⅡ: short spiny. Pecten epipharungis consisting of 3 triangula scales. Premandible with 3 teeth. |
Small size larva , up to 3 mm. Body pale yellowish green ～ grayish green.
I think there are 3 species in the country widely .
They inhabit in clean stream, sandy pebble river bed.。
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| Median teeth : 6 same size teeth. 5 pairs of lateral teeth. Ventromental plate distinct, .wide . |
Apical tooth longer than combined two inner teeth Seta subdentalis distinctively shaped. |
With 4 segments, segment 4 longer than 3rd.. blade extending beyond apical segment. Lauterborn's organ small. |
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| Although there is a circular mark at the base of S Ⅰ, details about SⅠis
unknown . ＳⅡelongate , apically pectinate, arising from tubercle . Pecten epipharyngis consisting of 3 slender needle-like spins ,or 5 long lobes ,or palm-shaped with several scales. Premandible bifid. |
Procercus large , higher than wide, with 6～7 anal setae of different length
present. Claws of posterior parapod with 9 long thin claws and 7 bent sharply . Anal tubules 2 pairs both conical. |
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 Each body segments with thick and long many setae. |
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Symposiocladius
Body length ５～６mm. Head yellowish brown.
This larva wsa found only one at the headwater of Takahashi River (Okayama
pref.)
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| Mentum: with a single elongate median tooth and 2 pairs of small lateral teeth. Ventromental plate weak or laking? |
Antenna: With 5 segments ,segment 2,3,4, subequal. Lauterborn's organ very distinct , extending to mid-point of segment 4 |
Mandible : with 3 inner teeth. Seta interna with 6～7 finely serrate branches. |
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| Lateral seta developed as a setal tuft on abdominal segments 5th ～9th . | End part of body. | |
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１：antenna ２：mentum ３：mandible ４：labrum ＳⅠ:thick needle-like ＳⅡ:long needle-like Pecten epipharyngis: 3 scales premandible :spatula shaped ５：lateral setae on 5th ～9th segments ６：head :ventral side ７：maxilla ８：Anal tubules 1 pair, ９：Anal setae :6 １０：claws of posterior parapod １１：claws of anterior parapod |